Moisés López - Comunal de Villa Alemana

Moisés López Kappes: «Los alumnos deberían adaptarse a una rutina de trabajo diaria por cuenta propia, pero con apoyo de los adultos»

VILLA ALEMANA. El nuevo período escolar comenzará prontamente. Algunos establecimientos lo harán de manera presencial. Otros de forma remota, a través de las plataformas de internet o utilizando un sistema mixto. Con el fin de poder preparar de mejor manera a nuestros niños y jóvenes, hemos decidido entrevistar a Moisés López Kappes; psicólogo especializado en la convivencia escolar en adolescentes.

Importantes consejos y sugerencias de un especialista en convivencia escolar de jóvenes y adolescentes.

COMUNAL DE VILLA ALEMANA.- ¿Cuáles son los pro y los contra de utilizar la educación a distancia como único método de enseñanza?
Psic. Moisés LÓPEZ KAPPES.-
Uno de los puntos más relevantes de la educación a distancia es poder generar una mayor independencia de los alumnos, quienes deberían adaptarse a una rutina de trabajo diaria por cuenta propia, pero con apoyo de los adultos. Generar aquella independencia es fundamental, sobre todo para el crecimiento y el ordenamiento de los propios estudiantes, con el fin de prepararlos para enfrentar la vida postescolar. El gran conflicto que se generó a nivel nacional, con las clases a distancia durante el año 2020, fue que la gran mayoría de los estudiantes, padres y trabajadores, se debieron ceñir a horarios de trabajo y/o de estudios demasiado estructurados o poco pertinentes, no logrando equilibrar el ámbito escolar con el familiar. Puesto que las temáticas familiares, laborales y académicas, se entremezclaron de forma desordenada y poco efectiva. Esto fue provocado por la baja planificación realizada desde un principio, con horarios y modalidades de trabajo que no eran compatibles con el nivel estructural o administrativo de muchos establecimientos. Provocando innumerables cambios de horario o metodológicos sobre la marcha, en vez de haber adquirido una modalidad fluida, que hubiese garantizado el avance de las actividades académicas. Sin embargo, si lo anterior se planifica de manera ordenada, pertinente y semanal, pudiendo a la vez asegurar una buena estructura académica y administrativa, se obtendrá una mejoría notable, tanto de la calendarización de actividades como de los horarios establecidos para el trabajo escolar, ya sea presencial o no. De esa manera, se podrá lograr un buen equilibrio entre las interacciones familiares, escolares y/o laborales, sin mayor dificultad.

¿Cuál es el rol de los padres o los educadores en dicho método educativo?
El rol de los padres es fundamental en la educación de sus hijos, donde el involucramiento con el sistema escolar siempre debe ser una prioridad para el desarrollo integral y académica de los alumnos. Crear estructuras bien planificadas y trabajar de manera conjunta con los docentes y la administración de los establecimientos educacionales, facilitará el trabajo de cada estudiante, tanto en la planificación como en la cmprensión de los contenidos de sus asignaturas. Puesto que, al estar ambos sistemas alineados -colegio y familia-, el alumno no generará grandes choques o conflictos de información. Es importante que el establecimiento escolar, junto con los docentes, mantengan una comunicación constante con los padres, para poder apoyar al alumnado en las actividades académicas. Con el fin de que puedan trabajar unidos y coordinados por el bienestar de cada alumno.
¿Qué le aconsejaría a los establecimientos educacionales para que adopten un sistema mixto -presencial y/o remoto- de forma adecuada ?
En la actualidad, y bajo los lineamientos ministeriales, las clases mixtas son el sistema que se adoptarán este período del año 2021, en donde el establecimiento educacional debe tener la capacidad para recibir a la mitad de los estudiantes que estén en media jornada escolar, con un mínimo de 35 minutos de clase por bloque. Eso junto con coordinar los respectivos recreos, para la sanitización de las salas. Lo ideal es no mantener dentro de la sala de clase a los estudiantes durante largos períodos de tiempo. Así se reduciría bastante la carga horaria presencial, dando énfasis en aumentar la carga asincrónica en el hogar -trabajos y/o tareas-. Todo ello acompañado del uso de mascarilla y/o escudos faciales, lavado de manos frecuentes, limpieza de pies y distanciamiento físico. Todos estos puntos deben estar claramente definidos e implementados por parte de los establecimientos educacionales, en tanto que es voluntariedad de los padres y/o apoderados, el ingreso a clases presenciales y no de dichos establecimientos. Los cuales deberán estar habilitados el 01 de marzo del 2021, para todos aquellos padres o apoderados que quieran enviar a sus hijos al colegio, manteniendo los horarios y divisiones de grupos, que cada establecimiento debería haber realizado el 08 de enero del 2021.

¿Qué tipo de relaciones interpersonales cree que formarán la mayoría de los adolescentes ante este nuevo escenario?
Este año escolar va a ser primordial para que el alumnado pueda desarrollar nuevamente la capacidad de sociabilizacion directa, la cual se ha perdido durante el 2020, debido a la disminución categórica del contacto físico y de la tolerancia social.
Es muy importante retomar las relaciones interpersonales. En una sociedad sana, tanto las ideas como los pensamientos de cada cual, deben aprender a adaptarse a los de otros. Sin embargo, ello podría verse afectado según el tipo, la calidad y la cantidad de las medidas sanitarias decretadas por la autoridad competente, según se vayan dando los acontecimientos.

En una sociedad sana, tanto las ideas como los pensamientos de cada cual deben aprender a adaptarse a los de otros

Por: Acir Emadus.
aciremadus@panalmedia.cl

Moisés López Kappes: «Los alumnos deberían adaptarse a una rutina de trabajo diaria por cuenta propia, pero con apoyo de los adultos» comentarios en «158»

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